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Poetry Manuscripts
Finding Aids for Manuscripts at Individual Repositories
Guide to the Walt Whitman Poetry Manuscripts in the Trent Collection of
Whitmaniana, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
Processed by: Melissa Delbridge and Daniel Breen; machine-readable finding
aid created by: Michael Shumate and Elizabeth Arnold; revised and expanded by
the Walt Whitman Archive and the University of
Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries.Encoded Archival Description completed through the assistance of the Gladys
Kreible Delmas Foundation, the University of Nebraska Research Council, and the
Institute for Museum and Library Services.
Title: Walt Whitman Poetry
Manuscripts in the Trent Collection of Whitmaniana, Duke University, Durham, North
Carolina
Creator:
Whitman, Walt, 1819-1892
Repository:
Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library
Abstract:
This electronic finding aid is a revised and enriched document based upon the
original created by the Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library, Duke
University, and obtained by the Walt Whitman Archive.
The original papers and catalogue records are held at the Rare Book, Manuscript, and
Special Collections Library, Duke University.
Scope and Content:
The bulk of Duke University's Walt Whitman holdings were acquired through a
series of substantial donations made by Dr. and Mrs. Josiah C. Trent, from whom
the Trent Collection of Whitmaniana takes its name. Much of the Trent material
was originally gathered by Richard Maurice Bucke, Whitman's friend and literary
executor, who sold manuscript versions of his biography of Whitman, along with
his collection of unpublished letters and Whitman's personal papers and books,
in London in 1935. The next year, Jacob Schwartz offered for sale in New York a
large portion of the Whitman holdings that had belonged to Bucke, and many of
the items listed in the catalogue of this sale were a part of the original
donation made to Duke by Dr. and Mrs. Trent in 1942. The Trent family made
several important additions to their initial bequest in the years following the
establishment of the collection, but Duke University does not expect its Whitman
manuscript holdings to expand at any time in the near future.
The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana incorporates material
spanning the dates 1841-1947, with the bulk of the material dated 1845-1849,
1854-1857, and 1864-1892. The virtual reorganization of the collection, based upon
that devised by Ellen F. Frey in A
Bibliography of Walt Whitman (1945; rpt. Port Washington, NY: Kennikat
Press, 1965), divides it into six series: Correspondence, Writings, Clippings,
Material About or Relating to Whitman, Portraits, and Miscellany.
Biographical Information:
For additional biographical information, see
"Walt Whitman," by Ed Folsom and Kenneth M. Price, and the
chronology of Whitman's Life.
Subjects: Whitman, Walt, 1819-1892;
Whitman, Walt, 1819-1892—Manuscripts;
Poets, American—19th century;
Series List
Title: Correspondence Series, 1860-1922 and n.d.
|
Subseries: 1 Title: Correspondence to or about Whitman Subseries, 1860-1922 and n.d. |
|
Subseries: 2 Title: Correspondence from or by Whitman Subseries, 1861-1891 |
Title: Writings Series, 1841-1944 and n.d.
|
Subseries: 1 Title: Manuscript Poems Subseries, ca. 1855 and n.d. Title: Leaves of Grass Title: Poems Not Appearing in Leaves of Grass Title: Notes for Poems |
|
Subseries: 2 Title: Manuscript Prose Subseries, 1852-1891 and n.d. Title: Stories Title: Prefaces Title: Essays, Lectures, and Notes Title: Notes on Literature Title: Autobiographical Manuscripts Title: Whitman on His Own Writings Title: Miscellany |
|
Subseries: 3 Title: Proofs Subseries, 1874-1891 and n.d. |
|
Subseries: 4 Title: Poems Set To Music Subseries, 1901-1933 |
|
Subseries: 5 Title: Periodicals and Books Containing Contributions by Whitman Subseries, 1841-1924 |
|
Subseries: 6 Title: Editions of Whitman's Writings Subseries, 1855-1944 |
|
Subseries: 7 Title: Bibliographies and Catalogues Subseries, 1922-1943 |
Title: Clippings Series, 1845-1891 and n.d. (bulk 1845-1855)
Series: 4
Title: Material About or Relating to Whitman Series, 1842-1947 and n.d. (bulk post-1880)
|
Subseries: 1 Title: Richard Maurice Bucke's Biography of Whitman Subseries, ca. 1880-1883 |
|
Subseries: 2 Title: Other Manuscripts About Whitman Subseries, 1872-1938 and n.d. |
|
Subseries: 3 Title: Periodicals Containing Contributions About Whitman Subseries, 1868-1943 (bulk 1880-1895) |
|
Subseries: 4 Title: Books And Pamphlets About Or Relating To Whitman Subseries, 1842-1947 (bulk 1880-1930). |
Title: Portraits Series, 1854-1891 and n.d.
|
Subseries: 1 Title: Portraits of Walt Whitman Subseries, 1854-1891 and n.d. |
|
Subseries: 2 Title: Portraits of Others Subseries, 1862 and n.d. |
Title: Miscellany Series, 1855-1892 and n.d.
Container List
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00030
Title: "[a nation announcing itself]"
Date: about 1856
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
A manuscript draft of the opening passage of "Poem of Many in One" (1856). The final title of the poem, "By Blue Ontario's Shore," first appeared in the 1881 edition of Leaves of Grass. On the verso is both prose and verse beginning "Asia" that appears to be a draft of "Salut Au Monde!," a poem first published as "Poem of Salutation" in the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass.
Item: 2
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00056
Title: "Carols Closing Sixty-Nine"
Date: about 1888
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
A manuscript of suggestions for the title of a collection of poetry which eventually appeared under the heading "Sands at Seventy" in the 1888 volume of poetry and prose entitled November Boughs. The title "Carols Closing Sixty-Nine" appears here as one of the possible names for this collection. The verso of this document contains the underlined words "Sands at Seventy" and a cancelled note reading "for annex to the preced," which corresponds to ideas expressed on the recto.
Item: 3
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00264
Title: "[The Great Laws do not treasure chips]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
This manuscript contains lines which, after revision, appeared in the eleventh poem in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, later titled "Who Learns My Lesson Complete?" On the verso are cancelled lines, beginning "hands are cut," which later appeared, in a revised form, in "Faces," which was originally published as the sixth poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass.
Item: 4
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00259
Title: "[Great are the myths]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
This manuscript has a partially cancelled draft of the first lines of "Great Are the Myths." The poem "Great Are the Myths" was published first, untitled, in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass as the concluding poem, and again in the 1856 edition as "Poem of a Few Greatnesses." The poem went through many revisions through the different editions of Leaves of Grass, then was permanently dropped in 1881, except the two couplets that became the poem "Youth, Day, Old Age, and Night." The verso of the manuscript has cancelled prose beginning "The true friends of the Sabbath."
Item: 5
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00032
Title: "[You lusty and graceflu youth!]"
Date: between 1850 and 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
An early version of a part of "Great Are the Myths," a poem published first, untitled, in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass as the concluding poem, and again in the 1856 edition as "Poem of a Few Greatnesses." The poem went through many revisions through the different editions of Leaves of Grass, then was permanently dropped in 1881, except the two couplets that became the poem "Youth, Day, Old Age, and Night." On the verso is partially cancelled verse beginning "Are the prostitutes nothing?" which is a draft of lines from the third poem in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, ultimately called "To Think of Time."
Item: 6
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00031
Title: "[And now I care not to]"
Date: about 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
This manuscript is an early draft of a portion of the poem that became "In Paths Untrodden," which was published first in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass. The verso contains a list of thirteen suggestions for titles or groups of poems, including "The States," "Prairies," "Prairie Spaces" and "Prairie Babes." "In Paths Untrodden" opens the "Calamus" group in all editions of Leaves of Grass, taking the title in 1867.
Item: 7
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00053
Title: Leaves of Grass
Date: about 1881
Physical Description: 18 leaves, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16
The handwritten Table of Contents of the 1881-1882 edition of Leaves of Grass with instructions to the printer. Also included is a proof of the title-page of the same edition, with Whitman's corrections.
Item: 8
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00098
Title: Leaves of Grass
Date: about 1881
Physical Description: 270 leaves, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 58 | 59 | 60 | 61 | 62 | 63 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 80 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 84 | 85 | 86 | 87 | 88 | 89 | 90 | 91 | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 100 | 101 | 102 | 103 | 104 | 105 | 106 | 107 | 108 | 109 | 110 | 111 | 112 | 113 | 114 | 115 | 116 | 117 | 118 | 119 | 120 | 121 | 122 | 123 | 124 | 125 | 126 | 127 | 128 | 129 | 130 | 131 | 132 | 133 | 134 | 135 | 136 | 137 | 138 | 139 | 140 | 141 | 142 | 143 | 144 | 145 | 146 | 147 | 148 | 149 | 150 | 151 | 152 | 153 | 154 | 155 | 156 | 157 | 158 | 159 | 160 | 161 | 162 | 163 | 164 | 165 | 166 | 167 | 168 | 169 | 170 | 171 | 172 | 173 | 174 | 175 | 176 | 177 | 178 | 179 | 180 | 181 | 182 | 183 | 184 | 185 | 186 | 187 | 188 | 189 | 190 | 191 | 192 | 193 | 194 | 195 | 196 | 197 | 198 | 199 | 200 | 201 | 202 | 203 | 204 | 205 | 206 | 207 | 208 | 209 | 210 | 211 | 212 | 213 | 214 | 215 | 216 | 217 | 218 | 219 | 220 | 221 | 222 | 223 | 224 | 225 | 226 | 227 | 228 | 229 | 230 | 231 | 232 | 233 | 234 | 235 | 236 | 237 | 238 | 239 | 240 | 241 | 242 | 243 | 244 | 245 | 246 | 247 | 248 | 249 | 250 | 251 | 252 | 253 | 254 | 255 | 256 | 257 | 258 | 259 | 260 | 261 | 262 | 263 | 264 | 265 | 266 | 267 | 268 | 269
Printer's copy for portions of the 1881-1882 edition of Leaves of Grass containing manuscript and printed pages with numerous corrections, additions, and instructions to the printer. A lock of Whitman's hair, enclosed in a wrapper, also appears with this collection.
Item: 9
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00042
Title: "Poem of Materials"
Date: about 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
This manuscript contains notes for poetry, including phrases which appear in section 6 of the final version of "Starting from Paumanok" and in "Mediums." The verso is a prose fragment dealing with political independence. The published version of "Mediums," originally "Chants Democratic" No. 16 in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass, later appeared as part of "Passage to India" and finally in the 1881 edition of Leaves of Grass. "Starting from Paumanok" was published first in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass as "Proto-Leaf."
Item: 10
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00045
Title: "[Theme for piece]"
Date: about 1869
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
An outline for a poem on various types of music, potentially related to "Proud Music of the Storm" and/or "The Mystic Trumpeter." The poem "The Mystic Trumpeter" was first published in The Kansas Magazine of February 1872. "Proud Music of the Storm" was first published in the Atlantic Monthly in February, 1869. The verso contains cancelled notes about a stanza to describe a triumphal instrumental and vocal chorus corresponding to that of man triumphing over temptation and weakness.
Item: 11
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00022
Title: "[?Gliding]"
Date: 1870
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
A fragment describing street and interior scenes similar to those in "Outlines for a Tomb." "Outlines for a Tomb" was first published in The Galaxy in January 1870 under the title "Brother of All, with Generous Hand" and finally in 1881 under the title "Outlines for a Tomb."
Item: 12
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00023
Title: "[All that we are]"
Date: undated
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Draft of fifteen lines of poetry, first published only after Whitman's death in Notes and Fragments (1899). The last three lines on this manuscript leaf appear in another version in a long manuscript, "Pictures," which probably dates to before 1855 and is held at the Beinecke Library, Yale.
Item: 13
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00046
Title: "Proud Music of the Storm"
Date: about 1869
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Correction notes and potential extra lines for the poem "Proud Music of the Storm," first published in The Atlantic Monthly 1869 as "Proud Music of the Sea-Storm." Subsequently, the poem was titled " Proud Music of the Storm" in Passage to India (1871), Two Rivulets (1876), and in Leaves of Grass (1881-1882). The verso contains the beginning of a letter on Attorney General's Office stationery.
Item: 14
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00007
Title: "[it is no miracle now that]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
A manuscript draft of ideas about touch related to sections 28-30 in the final version of "Song of Myself." The verso contains prose writing related to ideas expressed in Leaves of Grass.
Item: 15
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00260
Title: "[Light and air!]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
A manuscript draft of ideas related to section 31 in the final version of "Song of Myself."
Item: 16
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00051
Title: "[I know as well as you that Bibles are divine revelation]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
A manuscript draft treating ideas about divine revelation related to section 41 in the final version of "Song of Myself." The verso contains notes about the character and physical traits of several different men: Bill Guess, Peter, and George Fitch, dated March 20th '54.
Item: 17
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00261
Title: "[(Fa)bles, traditions, and]"
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
A manuscript draft with ideas and language related to what eventually became section 41 of "Song of Myself" and to the untitled fourteenth poem of the 1860 cluster "Debris." The verso contains prose which begins "It is the endless delusion of big and little smouchers" and deals in part with the poor.
Item: 18
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00018
Title: "[There is no word in any tongue]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
A manuscript draft of ideas about God and man related to what eventually became sections 48-49 of the final version of "Song of Myself." This manuscript has been mounted and framed with a prose fragment, dealing with the soul and nature, and a photograph of Whitman.
Item: 19
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00262
Title: "[My Spirit sped back to the]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
A manuscript draft related in general to ideas expressed in "Song of Myself." The verso contains one cancelled line: "Not one of the heroic guests."
Item: 20
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00033
Title: "Broadaxe"
Date: about 1856
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Notes written in three separate columns about the uses and history of the broadaxe. "The Broad-Axe Poem" first appeared in 1856, taking the title "Song of the Broad-Axe" in 1867.
Item: 21
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00047
Title: "[Poem (subject)]"
Date: about 1873
Physical Description: 4 leaves, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4
Notes for a poem about calls used in various occupations and, on the reverse of one leaf, an early draft of a portion of "Song of the Redwood-Tree," a poem first published in the February 1874 issue of Harper's Magazine.
Item: 22
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00263
Title: "[I see who you are]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Lines, cancelled with a vertical strike, expressing ideas modified considerably before use in the third poem of the 1855 Leaves of Grass, later titled "A Song for Occupations." On the verso is one heavily corrected line whose relationship to the recto material or to any other published poem is uncertain.
Item: 23
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00044
Title: "[Perfect serenity of mind]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
A fragment of several lines, apparently written before publication of the first edition of Leaves of Grass in 1855. One of the lines was included in the 1860 "Poem of Joys," which was later entitled "A Song of Joys."
Item: 24
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00019
Title: "[This is the Earth's word]"
Date: about 1856
Physical Description: 2 leaves, handwritten
View Images: 1
A note possibly related to the poem "A Song for Rolling Earth," first published in 1856. A portrait of Whitman accompanies this manuscript.
Item: 25
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00020
Title: "[Proem]"
Date: about 1856
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
These notes on sights in Manhattan and the themes of personality, egotism, and the equality of women may have contributed to what ultimately became "Starting from Paumanok," Section 12. The poem first appeared in the 1860 edition as "Proto-Leaf."
Item: 26
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00034
Title: "[O Mother, did you think]"
Date: about 1856
Physical Description: 6 leaves, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10
On four leaves, an early version of portions of the poem ultimately titled "This Compost," first printed under the title "Poem of Wonder at The Ressurection of The Wheat" in the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass. On the reverse sides of these leaves is a list of words regarding the physical body and connected in concept to "I Sing the Body Electric," a poem that first appeared as the fourth poem of the 1855 Leaves of Grass. With this list, Whitman was gathering material for the noteworthy final section, a paean to body parts, that he added to the poem in 1856. Glue residue shows that these leaves were formerly pasted to two other leaves, upon which is written a prose manuscript fragment regarding California Vigilance Committees.
Item: 27
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00001
Title: "[To be at all]"
Date: before 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
On one side are draft lines for what became section 27 of "Song of Myself," which was first published as the opening poem in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. In 1897, after Whitman's death, a poem entitled "To Be at All," based on this manuscript, was published in "Old Age Echoes." On the reverse side are notes, trial lines, and lists of words and phrases related to what eventually became sections 24 and 49 of "Song of Myself" and to the poem "In Paths Untrodden," first published in 1860 as the opening poem of the "Calamus" cluster.
Item: 28
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00003
Title: "[And when once they went far enough to see]"
Date: between 1850 and 1860
Physical Description: 2 leaves, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4
On one side of these manuscript leaves are drafts of lines for the opening poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, ultimately titled "Song of Myself," sections six and seven. On the reverse are fragments of an unpublished prose piece that appears to represent an early draft of "Unnamed Lands," a poem published first in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass. The material on the second leaf shares with that poem not only a close thematic similarity but also several of the same phrases.
Item: 29
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00006
Title: "[And I have discovered them by night and by]"
Date: between 1850 and 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
The draft lines on one side of the manuscript leaf contributed to the opening poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. In the poem's final version, "Song of Myself," these lines are found in section 48. It is not known whether the prose on the leaf's reverse is related to any of Whitman's published work; however, physical and thematic similarities with "[And I have discovered them by night and by]," above, and "[My tongue can never be content with harness]," below, make a connection with the 1860 poem "Unnamed Lands" likely.
Item: 30
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00008
Title: "[My tongue can never be content with harness]"
Date: between 1850 and 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
On one side of the manuscript leaf are draft poetic lines with an unknown relation to Whitman's published work. However, physical and thematic similarities with "[And when once they went far enough to see]" and "[And I have discovered them by night and by]," above, suggest that the lines were possibly drafted for the 1855 poem that eventually became "Song of Myself." These similarities also suggest that the prose on the leaf's reverse is likely related to "Unnamed Lands" , first published in Leaves of Grass, 1860.
Item: 31
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00024
Title: "Hands Ro[und]"
Date: between 1865 and 1881
Physical Description: 2 leaves, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
A manuscript poem with a patriotic theme left unpublished in Whitman's lifetime.
Item: 32
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00026
Title: "[I am not content now]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Manuscript of two lines unpublished in Whitman's lifetime.
Item: 33
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00027
Title: "[I am that halfgrown angry boy]"
Date: before 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Poetry manuscript left unpublished by Whitman, containing ideas potentially connected with the unpublished short story "[Of a summer evening]." On the verso is a fragment of an essay regarding municipal legislation.
Item: 34
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00060
Title: "Poem of Existence"
Date: about 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Manuscript of lines unpublished in Whitman's lifetime.
Item: 35
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00029
Title: "[Remembrances I plant American ground with]"
Date: undated
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
A manuscript containing ideas which appear frequently in Leaves of Grass. On the verso is a list of rivers, lakes, and cities.
Item: 36
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00061
Title: "[Scantlings]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
A manuscript containing ideas about a race of scantlings, a product of "the strong growth of America." Written on a scrap of the paper cover stock used for some late copies of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass.
Item: 37
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00062
Title: "[Thought]"
Date: about 1856
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
A manuscript left unpublished by Whitman containing draft ideas for a poem. Written on a sheet from the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass.
Item: 38
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00265
Title: "The most Jubilant Triumphant Poem"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Manuscript with ideas for a poem meant to express different forms of "great jubilant glee." This fragment has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[Poem of a proud]."
Item: 39
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00266
Title: "[Poem of a proud]"
Date: before 1861
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Manuscript with ideas for a poem of "joyous expression" about Manhattan. This fragment has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "The most Jubilant Triumphant Poem."
Item: 40
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00267
Title: "Poem of the Black Person"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Manuscript with ideas for a poem expressing the "sentiment" of a "sweeping . . . protection of the blacks."
Item: 41
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00268
Title: "Poem [There can be no greatest]"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Notes toward a poem comparing the progress of "the divine man" to the geological development of the earth.
Item: 42
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00269
Title: "Poem of Poets (now) in all lands"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Manuscript with notes for a poem to describe "the poetical sentiments in all lands." This fragment has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "Poem (bequeathing to others a charge) what poems are wanted."
Item: 43
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00270
Title: "Poem (bequeathing to others a charge) what poems are wanted"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Manuscript with idea for a poem to include "a long list" drawn from other (unidentified) manuscript scraps. This fragment has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "Poem of Poets (now) in all lands."
Item: 44
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00271
Title: "[And there a hunter's camp]"
Date: about 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
On one side are two lines, heavily corrected, from a draft of the poem first published in 1860 as "Chants Democratic 4" and eventually titled "Our Old Feuillage." On the other side are two lightly corrected lines with an uncertain connection to Whitman's published poetry. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[(written for the voice)]," "[Poem of "(the Devil]," and "Poem of Sadness."
Item: 45
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00272
Title: "[(written for the voice)]"
Date: about 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Manuscript note apparently recording the poet's early idea for the poem first published as "Chants Democratic 20" in 1860, later as "I Hear America Singing." This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[And there a hunter's camp]," "[Poem of "(the Devil]," and "Poem of Sadness."
Item: 46
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00273
Title: "[Poem of "(the Devil]"
Date: 1865 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
This note for a poem about the devil is possibly related to the poem "Chanting the Square Deific," which was first published in 1865. The scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[And there a hunter's camp]," "[(written for the voice)]," and "Poem of Sadness."
Item: 47
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00274
Title: "Poem of Sadness"
Date: about 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Manuscript note probably recording the idea for the 1860 poem "Leaves of Grass 17," which was ultimately titled "I Sit and Look Out." This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[And there a hunter's camp]," "[(written for the voice)]," and "[Poem of "(the Devil]."
Item: 48
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00275
Title: "[And there, farther south]"
Date: undated
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Fragment describing a "negro at daylight" giving "the Carolina yell," possibly related to the poem first published in 1856 as "Poem of Salutation" and later titled "Salut Au Monde!" This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "The Scout," "Drops of my Blood," and "[In a poem make the thought]."
Item: 49
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00276
Title: ""The Scout""
Date: undated
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Manuscript suggesting "The Scout" as a good title for a poem, magazine, or newspaper. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[And there, farther south]," "Drops of my Blood," and "[In a poem make the thought]."
Item: 50
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00277
Title: "Drops of my Blood"
Date: about 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
On one side is a list of trial titles, probably for the poem first published as "Calamus 15" in 1860 and eventually titled "Trickle Drops." On the reverse is a fragment of about two and a half lines, heavily corrected, whose relationship to Whitman's published poetry is unknown. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[And there, farther south]," "The Scout," and "[In a poem make the thought]."
Item: 51
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00278
Title: "[In a poem make the thought]"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Note for a poem to address the question "What will be the result of this years hence?" Possibly related to the poem "Recorders Ages Hence," first published in 1860 as "Calamus 10." This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[And there, farther south]," "The Scout," and "Drops of my Blood."
Item: 52
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00072
Title: "[Poems identifying the different branches of the sciences]"
Date: about 1859
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
List of ideas for poems about astronomy, geology, chemistry, mathematics, and music.
Item: 53
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00250
Title: "The Body—"
Date: undated
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Manuscript containing ideas for a poem about the body as something more than physical.
Item: 54
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00251
Title: "Poem of Language"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Manuscript containing ideas for a poem about the variety of languages and sounds. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[Whole Poem]."
Item: 55
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00252
Title: "[Whole Poem]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Manuscript containing ideas for a poem about insects. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "Poem of Language."
Item: 56
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00253
Title: "—[Poem of Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana and Illinois]"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
List of ideas for poems, mostly about various states. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[To the English]."
Item: 57
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00254
Title: "[To the English]"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Ideas for a poem about various nationalities and ethnicities, suggestive of "Salut au Monde!" which was first published as "Poem of Salutation" in 1860. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "—[Poem of Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana and Illinois]."
Item: 58
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00255
Title: "[Poem of Fruits & Flowers]"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Ideas for three different poems about various topics. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[Poem of Wisconsin]."
Item: 59
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00256
Title: "[The carpenter's and]"
Date: between 1850 and 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Manuscript containing ideas for a poem about architecture, carpentry, and masonry. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[Song]."
Item: 60
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00257
Title: "[Song]"
Date: undated
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Manuscript scrap with ideas for a poem or poems about democracy, the future, women, young men, and the joy of life. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[The carpenter's and]."
Item: 61
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00258
Title: "Poem [As in Visions of]"
Date: 1855 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Notes for a poem about night "visions," possibly related to the untitled 1855 poem that Whitman eventually titled "The Sleepers." Fragments of an unidentified newspaper clipping about the Puget Sound area have been pasted to the leaf.
Item: 62
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00308
Title: "[Poem of Wisconsin]"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
List of ideas for poems, mostly about various states, including an allusion to a possible "Western Edition." This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[Poem of Fruits & Flowers]."
Item: 63
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00279
Title: "[Theory of a Cluster of Poems]"
Date: about 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Note suggesting a cluster of poems about "the passion of Woman-Love," along with a few trial lines, all apparently related to the 1860 cluster "Enfans d'Adam" (later retitled "Children of Adam" ).
Item: 64
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00280
Title: "[A poem which more]"
Date: undated
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Manuscript note for a poem addressing Whitman's future readers. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[Poem of the Husband]."
Item: 65
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00281
Title: "[Poem of the Husband]"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
List of ideas for poems about "the husband," "the wife," and "marriage." This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[A poem which more]."
Item: 66
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00282
Title: "Religious Canticles"
Date: about 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
On one side are notes regarding a projected group of religious poems and their significance to other Leaves of Grass poems. On the reverse is a partial draft of the 1860 poem "Calamus 9," which was dropped from subsequent editions of Leaves of Grass. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "Secrets.—Secreta."
Item: 67
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00283
Title: "Secrets.—Secreta"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Ideas for two poems, one listing "all the things done in secret," and the other involving a "vocabularium" of words and phrases. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "Religious Canticles."
Item: 68
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00284
Title: "Companions"
Date: About 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Jotted idea for a series of poems about Whitman's various companions. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "Poem of Young Men."
Item: 69
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00285
Title: "Poem of Young Men"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Manuscript with ideas for a poem, possibly "Salut Au Monde!" which was first published in 1860 as "Poem of Salutation." This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "Companions."
Item: 70
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00286
Title: "An After Thought or Two"
Date: undated
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Manuscript title, apparently for a group of poems, never used in Whitman's published work. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[Poem, as in a rapt and]," and "[Poem ante-dating]."
Item: 71
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00287
Title: "[Poem, as in a rapt and]"
Date: before 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
A manuscript proposing ideas for a poem in the form of a prophetic vision about the future of America. Possibly related to "As I Walk These Broad Majestic Days," which was first published as "Chants Democratic 21" in 1860. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "An After Thought or Two," and "[Poem ante-dating]."
Item: 72
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00288
Title: "[Poem ante-dating]"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Manuscript idea for a poem that would prophesy the "great results" to be had "a hundred years hence." This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "An After Thought or Two" and "[Poem, as in a rapt and]."
Item: 73
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00289
Title: "Poem L'Envoy"
Date: before 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Note for a poem. It is unclear whether this manuscript is connected to any of Whitman's published poetry. The reverse contains a fragmentary set of notes for a game of "Twenty Questions." This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "Banjo Poem," "Poem [?The Cruise]," and "[of Death—the song]."
Item: 74
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00290
Title: "Banjo Poem"
Date: undated
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Scrap with just two words, apparently a trial title. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "Poem L'Envoy," "Poem [?The Cruise]," and "[of Death—the song]."
Item: 75
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00291
Title: "Poem [?The Cruise]"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Scrap with what are apparently two trial versions of a title. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "Poem L'Envoy," "Banjo Poem," and "[of Death—the song]."
Item: 76
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00292
Title: "[of Death—the song]"
Date: undated
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Idea for a poem about death, immortality, and "ensemble." It is unclear whether and how this manuscript is related to Whitman's published poetry. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "Poem L'Envoy," "Banjo Poem," and "Poem [?The Cruise]."
Item: 77
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00293
Title: "[A man of gigantic]"
Date: undated
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
On one side is a prose fragment contemplating the combination in one man of power and compassion. The ideas and some of the phrases appear to be related to lines from the opening poem of the 1855 Leaves of Grass—what would later become section 24 of "Song of Myself." On the reverse is another prose fragment dealing with the importance of independent thinking amid social forces of law and custom.
Item: 78
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00294
Title: "Bloom"
Date: about 1856
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Leaf made from two scraps glued together. The writing on the top scrap appears to be a note about one of Whitman's acquaintances. The bottom scrap contains notes toward "Song of the Broad-Axe," which was first published in 1856 as "Broad-Axe Poem."
Item: 79
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00295
Title: "[What we call literature]"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Prose manuscript expressing the belief that human existence possesses a grandeur that surpasses artistic accomplishments. It is unclear whether this manuscript is related to Whitman's published poetry.
Item: 80
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00296
Title: "[How gladly we leave]"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Prose fragment that characterizes social interactions with the "learned and refined" as stifling in comparison with experiences shared with "real men and women." Relationships between this manuscript and Whitman's published poetry, if they exist, have not been determined.
Item: 81
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00297
Title: "[Outdoors is the best]"
Date: undated
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Prose fragment extolling the excellence of outdoor living. It is not known whether this manuscript is related to any of Whitman's published work.
Item: 82
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00298
Title: "[Remember that the clock]"
Date: undated
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Prose manuscript regarding concepts of time.
Item: 83
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00299
Title: "[A poem in which is]"
Date: 1856 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Notes for a poem about "a first-rate healthy Human Body," possibly related to "I Sing the Body Electric," which was first published as the fifth poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass and substantially revised (as "Poem of the Body" ) in 1856.
Item: 84
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00300
Title: "[Remember in Scientific]"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Two reminders about general principles Whitman had decided upon for future poems. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[a volume]."
Item: 85
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00301
Title: "[a volume]"
Date: before 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Note suggesting a piece of writing to span "the whole range of recorded time," possibly related to "With Antecedents," which was first published in 1860 as "You and Me and To-day." This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[Remember in Scientific]."
Item: 86
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00302
Title: "[It seems to me]"
Date: 1855 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Note apparently recording Whitman's intent to eschew "ornament" in his writing, possibly related to a similar passage in the prose preface to the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[What shall the great poet be then?]," "[The most superb beauties]," and "[Make no quotations]."
Item: 87
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00303
Title: "[What shall the great poet be then?]"
Date: 1855 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Note about "the great poet," possibly connected to a passage (denouncing the "swarms of the polished deprecating" poets) in the prose preface to the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[It seems to me]," "[The most superb beauties]," and "[Make no quotations]."
Item: 88
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00304
Title: "[The most superb beauties]"
Date: 1855 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Notes, or possibly trial lines, expressing the idea that the highest beauty is found in what is "cheapest" and "commonest," possibly connected to a passage in section 14 of "Song of Myself," first published untitled in 1855. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[It seems to me]," "[What shall the great poet be then?]," and "[Make no quotations]."
Item: 89
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00305
Title: "[Make no quotations]"
Date: 1855 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Notes, or possibly trial lines, articulating various beliefs about how to write. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[It seems to me]," "[What shall the great poet be then?]," and "[The most superb beauties]."
Item: 90
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00306
Title: "[Breath and Spray]"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
List of what appear to be possible titles for volumes or clusters of poems.
Item: 91
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00307
Title: "[Poemet]"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Lists of synonyms for "poem."
Item: 92
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00188
Title: "[The Nibelungen]"
Date:
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
The term "Nibelungen" appears in a poem first published in the New York Truth, March 19, 1891 entitled "Old Chants." The poem is one of the thiry-one poems included in "Second Annex--Good-Bye My Fancy," 1891-2.
Item: 93
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00121
Title: "Camden - Phila April 8, '84"
Date: 1884
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Description of the poet's years in Camden, apparently intended as part of a preface to an intended two-volume edition of his works.
Item: 94
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00122
Title: "Preface Two Rivulets"
Date: about 1876
Physical Description: 6 leaves, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8
Fragment, heavily revised, of the preface to "Two Rivulets," 1876. Several of the leaves are made of scraps pasted together, and on the reverse of the fourth leaf is a draft fragment of the opening lines of a poem first published in 1867 as "A Carol of Harvest, for 1867," which was ultimately titled "The Return of the Heroes."
Item: 95
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00127
Title: "[The name of this]"
Date: between 1884 and 1888
Physical Description: 5 leaves, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5
Four leaves that constitute a draft, unpublished in Whitman's lifetime, apparently of a preface to a projected volume. Also included is a note, in an unknown hand, quoting Maurice Bucke's note from the posthumous publication "Notes and Fragments 1899" .
Item: 96
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00128
Title: "[(Of the great poet)]"
Date: 1855 or before
Physical Description: 3 leaves, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3
Notes that anticipate the preface to the first (1855) edition of Leaves of Grass.
Item: 97
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00129
Title: "[Struggling steadily to the front]"
Date: about 1875
Physical Description: 2 leaves, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5
Heavily revised draft of the prefactory note for "Song of the Exposition," as it appeared in the 1876 volume Two Rivulets. Earlier and later publications of the poem did not include this prose introduction.
Item: 98
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00104
Title: "[poet of Materialism]"
Date: 1855 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Manuscript expressing a belief in the continuing "amelioration" of the earth and humankind, written on a scrap of wallpaper. Although it is cast in prose, this is probably an early draft of a group of lines, expressing similar thoughts, in "Great Are the Myths," which was first published as the final, untitled, poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass.
Item: 99
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00159
Title: "[In metaphysical points]"
Date: 1855 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
Manuscript about the roles of science and "the soul" in the apprehension of truth. The fragmentary paragraph at the bottom of the leaf seems to be the germ of certain lines of what eventually became "Song of Myself," section 23, first published in 1855.
Item: 100
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00163
Title: "Thought"
Date: about 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images: 1
What appear to be draft opening lines for a poem, not known to have been published in Whitman's lifetime.
Item: 101
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00166
Title: "[Produce great persons and the producers]"
Date: 1856
Physical Description: 2 leaves, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4
Manuscript and clipping. On one side of the manuscript leaf are several prose notes, including two versions of a paragraph that was later revised to become a line in "Poem of Many In One," published in 1856 and eventually titled "By Blue Ontario's Shore." The phrase "savage and luxuriant," which appears toward the bottom of this side, was used in Whitman's open letter to Emerson, published in an appendix to the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass. On the other side of the leaf is a partial draft of "Poem of The Singers, and of the Words of Poems," also first published in 1856. In the final edition of Leaves of Grass this and another poem, which had been included in every edition since 1855, were combined to form "Song of the Answerer." Whitman pasted two newspaper clippings on the manuscript, one on each side. One of these, which had covered Whitman's paragraphs but has since been detached, is included in the file.
Item: 102
Whitman Archive ID: duk.00200
Title: "Africa"
Date: 1856 or before
Physical Description: 2 leaves, handwritten
View Images: 1 | 2
Notes on Africa. Whitman used some of the place names and a version of one of the phrases here ("The fresh-sunned Mediterranean, and from one to another of its islands") in the 1856 "Poem of Salutation," which was eventually titled "Salut au Monde!"
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Preferred Citation: [Identification of item], Trent Collection of Whitmaniana, Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library, Duke University.
Repository Contact Information:
Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library
Duke University
Durham, North Carolina 27708-0185