Poetry Manuscripts

Finding Aids for Manuscripts at Individual Repositories

Guide to the Walt Whitman Poetry Manuscripts in the Trent Collection of Whitmaniana, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina

Processed by: Melissa Delbridge and Daniel Breen; machine-readable finding aid created by: Michael Shumate and Elizabeth Arnold; revised and expanded by the Walt Whitman Archive and the University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries.Encoded Archival Description completed through the assistance of the Gladys Kreible Delmas Foundation, the University of Nebraska Research Council, and the Institute for Museum and Library Services.

This electronic finding aid is a revised and enriched document based upon the original created by the Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library, Duke University, and obtained by the Walt Whitman Archive. The original papers and catalogue records are held at the Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library, Duke University.


Title: Walt Whitman Poetry Manuscripts in the Trent Collection of Whitmaniana, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina

Creator:  Whitman, Walt, 1819-1892


Repository:  Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library

Abstract:
This electronic finding aid is a revised and enriched document based upon the original created by the Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library, Duke University, and obtained by the Walt Whitman Archive. The original papers and catalogue records are held at the Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library, Duke University.

Provenance: The bulk of Duke University's Walt Whitman holdings were acquired through a series of substantial donations made by Dr. and Mrs. Josiah C. Trent, from whom the Trent Collection of Whitmaniana takes its name. Much of the Trent material was originally gathered by Richard Maurice Bucke, Whitman's friend and literary executor, who sold manuscript versions of his biography of Whitman, along with his collection of unpublished letters and Whitman's personal papers and books, in London in 1935. The next year, Jacob Schwartz offered for sale in New York a large portion of the Whitman holdings that had belonged to Bucke, and many of the items listed in the catalogue of this sale were a part of the original donation made to Duke by Dr. and Mrs. Trent in 1942. The Trent family made several important additions to their initial bequest in the years following the establishment of the collection, but Duke University does not expect its Whitman manuscript holdings to expand at any time in the near future. Biographical Information:


For additional biographical information, see "Walt Whitman," by Ed Folsom and Kenneth M. Price, and the chronology of Whitman's Life.
Collection Overview: 
The Trent Collection of Whitmaniana incorporates material spanning the dates 1841-1947, with the bulk of the material dated 1845-1849, 1854-1857, and 1864-1892. The virtual reorganization of the collection, based upon that devised by Ellen F. Frey in A Bibliography of Walt Whitman (1945; rpt. Port Washington, NY: Kennikat Press, 1965), divides it into six series: Correspondence, Writings, Clippings, Material About or Relating to Whitman, Portraits, and Miscellany.

Correspondence is separated into two subseries: "Letters To or About Walt Whitman," and "Letters From or By Walt Whitman." Most of Whitman's letters in the collection were written between 1880 and 1891. The Clippings Series lists both large groups of clippings collected and annotated by Whitman, and clippings Whitman took from complete or nearly complete articles. Whenever possible, these have been dated according to the periodical in which the articles originally appeared. Material About or Relating to Whitman is comprised of four subseries that catalog manuscript versions of Richard Maurice Bucke's biography of Whitman, other manuscript material written mostly by Whitman's friends, and books, pamphlets, and periodicals about Whitman's life and work, most of which date between the late nineteenth century and the end of World War II. The Portraits Series includes formal photographic and painted portraits, etchings, engravings, and sketches, both of Whitman and of other subjects, including George Sand, Oliver Wendell Holmes, and Whitman's brother George. The Miscellany consists of ephemera related to Whitman's life and career as a poet. Two scrapbooks, a leaflet of receipts, book wrappers for the first edition of Leaves of Grass, and documents relating to the Whitman fund are listed among this series' eclectic contents.

By far the largest series in the collection, the Writings Series contains manuscript and printed versions of poetry and prose dating from Whitman's career in journalism up through the mid-1940s. It is divided into seven subseries: Manuscript Poems (1855-1882 and n.d.); Manuscript Prose (1852-1891 and n.d.); Proofs (1874-1891 and n.d.); Poems Set to Music (1901-1933); Books and Periodicals Containing Contributions by Whitman (1841-1924); Editions of Whitman's Writings (1855-1944); and Bibliographies and Catalogs (1922-1943). The first subseries, "Manuscript Poems," is further subdivided into categories intended to define three separate levels of poetic composition: manuscript versions of poems that appear in at least one edition of Leaves of Grass, manuscript versions of poems not published in Leaves of Grass, and verse fragments and outlines. The researcher is advised to consult the NYU Collected Writings of Walt Whitman, particularly Harold W. Blodgett and Sculley Bradley, eds., Leaves of Grass: A Comprehensive Reader's Edition (New York: NYUP, 1965), pp. 585-706, for publication of previously uncollected material. Although older, Oscar Lovell Triggs, ed., Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman, vol. 3 of 10 (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1902) and Clarence Gohdes and Rollo G. Silver, eds., Faint Clews and Indirections: Manuscripts of Walt Whitman and His Family (Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1949) are also helpful, the former particularly when used alongside Frey's Bibliography.

The Manuscript Prose Subseries in the Writings Series is further divided into seven categories. The first three are comprised of manuscript versions of stories, prefaces, and essays and lectures, respectively. Four less distinct subheadings follow. "Notes on Literature" represents an almost exact transliteration of Frey's category of the same name, however it should be noted that this category does not, at the time of writing, list all of Trent's holdings in Whitman's literary-critical manuscripts. Some literary criticism is contained in "Autobiographical Manuscripts" and "Whitman on His Own Writings," along with more purely impressionistic self-reflection. "Miscellany" should also be consulted, as it brings together in an unsystematic way Whitman's notes on travel, reading, and education as well as a scattering of notes on poetry and different forms of literary production.

The last five subseries of the Writings Series bring together various published versions of Whitman's writing. Annotated proofs of his poetry and prose are identified in the finding aid, and cross-references are included between the Proofs Subseries and the Books and Periodicals Containing Contributions by Whitman Subseries in instances where the Trent Collection lists both a proof and a published version of a poem or article among its headings. The Books and Periodicals Containing Contributions by Whitman Subseries and the Bibliographies and Catalogs Subseries are nearly comprehensive surveys of pre-World War II editions of Whitman's writing and of Whitman bibliographies. The Poems Set to Music Subseries catalogs a number of Whitman's poems that were given musical settings, mostly in the first two decades of the twentieth century. See Bella C. Landauer, Leaves of Music by Walt Whitman, call number Trent I-9, for full bibliographic information on these pieces.

Many monographs by and about Walt Whitman and housed in the Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library have been cataloged individually. These can be found by searching the Duke online catalog.


Subjects:
Whitman, Walt, 1819-1892;  Whitman, Walt, 1819-1892—Manuscripts;  Poets, American—19th century; 


Series List

Series: 1
Title: Correspondence Series, 1860-1922 and n.d.
Subseries: 1
Title: Correspondence to or about Whitman Subseries, 1860-1922 and n.d.
Subseries: 2
Title: Correspondence from or by Whitman Subseries, 1861-1891
Series: 2
Title: Writings Series, 1841-1944 and n.d.
Subseries: 1
Title: Manuscript Poems Subseries, ca. 1855 and n.d.
Title:  Leaves of Grass
Title: Poems Not Appearing in Leaves of Grass
Title: Notes for Poems
Subseries: 2
Title: Manuscript Prose Subseries, 1852-1891 and n.d.
Title: Stories
Title: Prefaces
Title: Essays, Lectures, and Notes
Title: Notes on Literature
Title: Autobiographical Manuscripts
Title: Whitman on His Own Writings
Title: Miscellany
Subseries: 3
Title: Proofs Subseries, 1874-1891 and n.d.
Subseries: 4
Title: Poems Set To Music Subseries, 1901-1933
Subseries: 5
Title: Periodicals and Books Containing Contributions by Whitman Subseries, 1841-1924
Subseries: 6
Title: Editions of Whitman's Writings Subseries, 1855-1944
Subseries: 7
Title: Bibliographies and Catalogues Subseries, 1922-1943
Series: 3
Title: Clippings Series, 1845-1891 and n.d. (bulk 1845-1855)
Series: 4
Title: Material About or Relating to Whitman Series, 1842-1947 and n.d. (bulk post-1880)
Subseries: 1
Title:  Richard Maurice Bucke's Biography of Whitman Subseries, ca. 1880-1883
Subseries: 2
Title: Other Manuscripts About Whitman Subseries, 1872-1938 and n.d.
Subseries: 3
Title: Periodicals Containing Contributions About Whitman Subseries, 1868-1943 (bulk 1880-1895)
Subseries: 4
Title: Books And Pamphlets About Or Relating To Whitman Subseries, 1842-1947 (bulk 1880-1930).
Series: 5
Title: Portraits Series, 1854-1891 and n.d.
Subseries: 1
Title: Portraits of Walt Whitman Subseries, 1854-1891 and n.d.
Subseries: 2
Title: Portraits of Others Subseries, 1862 and n.d.
Series: 6
Title: Miscellany Series, 1855-1892 and n.d.

Container List

Series: 1
Title: Correspondence Series, 1860-1922 and n.d.
Series Description:  Letters to and from friends, family members, editors, publishers, and soldiers Whitman met during his time as a nurse in military hospitals in and around Washington, D. C. primarily during the Civil War. However, correspondence is dated both during and after the war.

Subseries: 1
Title: Correspondence to or about Whitman subseries, 1860-1922 and n.d. (bulk 1860-1892)
Subseries Description:  Includes letters from friends, family members, and soldiers. Many of the letters have been bound into various scrapbooks and collections of other Whitman papers, and it is advisable to consult the reference archivist with regard to the physical provenance of the material before requesting correspondence in bulk. Listed alphabetically by author.

Subseries: 2
Title: Correspondence from or by Whitman Subseries, 1861-1891
Subseries Description:  Contains letters to friends and family members, editors, publishers, and soldiers. As with the Correspondence to or about Whitman Subseries, many letters in this subseries are bound with other material and the reference archivist should be contacted before correspondence is requested in bulk. Most of Whitman's letters in the Trent Collection date from 1880 to 1891. Listed alphabetically by recipient.

Series: 2
Title: Writings Series, 1841-1944 and n.d.
Series Description:  Consists of manuscript drafts and revisions of Whitman's poetry and prose as well as proofs and published versions of his work from his early career in journalism up through the end of his life. The Writings Series also contains published versions of certain of Whitman's poems that were set to music by several different composers. For a comprehensive guide to these works, see Frey or see Bella C. Landauer, Leaves of Music by Walt Whitman, call number Trent I-9.

Subseries: 1
Title: Manuscript Poems Subseries, ca. 1855 and n.d.
Subseries Description:  Manuscript drafts and revisions of poems appearing in successive editions of Leaves of Grass and poems not published during Whitman's lifetime or not intended for Leaves of Grass.

File: 1
Title:  Leaves of Grass
Manuscript fragments are labeled "draft portions" if they constitute early drafts or revisions of a poem appearing in any of the editions of Leaves of Grass published during Whitman's lifetime.


Item: 1
Title:  "[a nation announcing itself]"
Date: about 1856
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
A manuscript draft of the opening passage of "Poem of Many in One" (1856). The final title of the poem, "By Blue Ontario's Shore," first appeared in the 1881 edition of Leaves of Grass. On the verso is both prose and verse beginning "Asia" that appears to be a draft of "Salut Au Monde!," a poem first published as "Poem of Salutation" in the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass.


Item: 2
Title:  "Carols Closing Sixty-Nine"
Date: about 1888
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
A manuscript of suggestions for the title of a collection of poetry which eventually appeared under the heading "Sands at Seventy" in the 1888 volume of poetry and prose entitled November Boughs. The title "Carols Closing Sixty-Nine" appears here as one of the possible names for this collection. The verso of this document contains the underlined words "Sands at Seventy" and a cancelled note "for annex to the preced" which corresponds to ideas expressed on the recto.


Item: 3
Title:  "[The Great Laws do not treasure chips]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
This manuscript contains lines which, after revision, appeared in the eleventh poem in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, later titled "Who Learns My Lesson Complete?" On the verso are cancelled lines, beginning "hands are cut," which later appeared, in a revised form, in "Faces," which was originally published as the sixth poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass.


Item: 4
Title:  "[Great are the myths]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
This manuscript has a partially cancelled draft of the first lines of "Great Are the Myths." The poem "Great Are the Myths" was published first, untitled, in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass as the concluding poem, and again in the 1856 edition as "Poem of a Few Greatnesses." The poem went through many revisions through the different editions of Leaves of Grass, then was permanently dropped in 1881, except the two couplets that became the poem "Youth, Day, Old Age, and Night." The verso of the manuscript has cancelled prose beginning "The true friends of the Sabbath."


Item: 5
Title:  "[You lusty and graceflu youth!]"
Date: between 1850 and 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
An early version of a part of "Great Are the Myths," a poem published first, untitled, in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass as the concluding poem, and again in the 1856 edition as "Poem of a Few Greatnesses." The poem went through many revisions through the different editions of Leaves of Grass, then was permanently dropped in 1881, except the two couplets that became the poem "Youth, Day, Old Age, and Night." On the verso is partially cancelled verse beginning "Are the prostitutes nothing?" which is a draft of lines from the third poem in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, ultimately called "To Think of Time."


Item: 6
Title:  "[And now I care not to]"
Date: about 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
This manuscript is an early draft of a portion of the poem that became "In Paths Untrodden," which was published first in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass. The verso contains a list of thirteen suggestions for titles or groups of poems, including "The States," "Prairies," "Prairie Spaces" and "Prairie Babes." "In Paths Untrodden" opens the "Calamus" group in all editions of Leaves of Grass, taking the title in 1867.


Item: 7
Title:  Leaves of Grass
Date: about 1881
Physical Description: 18 leaves, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2  |  3  |  4  |  5  |  6  |  7  |  8  |  9  |  10  |  11  |  12  |  13  |  14  |  15  |  16 
The handwritten Table of Contents of the 1881-1882 edition of Leaves of Grass with instructions to the printer. Also included is a proof of the title-page of the same edition, with Whitman's corrections.


Item: 8
Title:  Leaves of Grass
Date: about 1881
Physical Description: 270 leaves, handwritten
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Printer's copy for portions of the 1881-1882 edition of Leaves of Grass containing manuscript and printed pages with numerous corrections, additions, and instructions to the printer. A lock of Whitman's hair, enclosed in a wrapper, also appears with this collection.


Item: 9
Title:  "Poem of Materials"
Date: about 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
This manuscript contains notes for poetry, including phrases which appear in section 6 of the final version of "Starting from Paumanok" and in "Mediums." The verso is a prose fragment dealing with political independence. The published version of "Mediums," originally "Chants Democratic" No. 16 in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass, later appeared as part of "Passage to India" and finally in the 1881 edition of Leaves of Grass. "Starting from Paumanok" was published first in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass as "Proto-Leaf."


Item: 10
Title:  "[Theme for piece]"
Date: about 1869
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
An outline for a poem on various types of music, potentially related to "Proud Music of the Storm" and/or "The Mystic Trumpeter." The poem "The Mystic Trumpeter" was first published in The Kansas Magazine of February 1872. "Proud Music of the Storm" was first published in the Atlantic Monthly in February, 1869. The verso contains cancelled notes about a stanza to describe a triumphal instrumental and vocal chorus corresponding to that of man triumphing over temptation and weakness.


Item: 11
Title:  "[?Gliding]"
Date: 1870
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
A fragment describing street and interior scenes similar to those in "Outlines for a Tomb." "Outlines for a Tomb" was first published in The Galaxy in January 1870 under the title "Brother of All, with Generous Hand" and finally in 1881 under the title "Outlines for a Tomb."


Item: 12
Title:  "[All that we are]"
Date: undated
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Draft of fifteen lines of poetry, first published only after Whitman's death in Notes and Fragments (1899). The last three lines on this manuscript leaf appear in another version in a long manuscript, "Pictures," which probably dates to before 1855 and is held at the Beinecke Library, Yale.


Item: 13
Title:  "Proud Music of the Storm"
Date: about 1869
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
Correction notes and potential extra lines for the poem "Proud Music of the Storm," first published in The Atlantic Monthly 1869 as "Proud Music of the Sea-Storm." Subsequently, the poem was titled "Proud Music of the Storm" in Passage to India (1871), Two Rivulets (1876), and in Leaves of Grass (1881-1882). The verso contains the beginning of a letter on Attorney General's Office stationery.


Item: 14
Title:  "[it is no miracle now that]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
A manuscript draft of ideas about touch related to sections 28-30 in the final version of "Song of Myself." The verso contains prose writing related to ideas expressed in Leaves of Grass.


Item: 15
Title:  "[Light and air!]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
A manuscript draft of ideas related to section 31 in the final version of "Song of Myself."


Item: 16
Title:  "[I know as well as you that Bibles are divine revelation]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
A manuscript draft treating ideas about divine revelation related to section 41 in the final version of "Song of Myself." The verso contains notes about the character and physical traits of several different men: Bill Guess, Peter, and George Fitch, dated March 20th '54.


Item: 17
Title:  "[(Fa)bles, traditions, and]"
Date: Between 1850 and 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
A manuscript draft with ideas and language related to what eventually became section 41 of "Song of Myself" and to the untitled fourteenth poem of the 1860 cluster "Debris." The verso contains prose which begins "It is the endless delusion of big and little smouchers" and deals in part with the poor.


Item: 18
Title:  "[There is no word in any tongue]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
A manuscript draft of ideas about God and man related to what eventually became sections 48-49 of the final version of "Song of Myself." This manuscript has been mounted and framed with a prose fragment, dealing with the soul and nature, and a photograph of Whitman.


Item: 19
Title:  "[My Spirit sped back to the]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
A manuscript draft related in general to ideas expressed in "Song of Myself." The verso contains one cancelled line: "Not one of the heroic guests."


Item: 20
Title:  "Broadaxe"
Date: about 1856
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Notes written in three separate columns about the uses and history of the broadaxe. "The Broad-Axe Poem" first appeared in 1856, taking the title "Song of the Broad-Axe" in 1867.


Item: 21
Title:  "[Poem (subject)]"
Date: about 1873
Physical Description: 4 leaves, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2  |  3  |  4 
Notes for a poem about calls used in various occupations and, on the reverse of one leaf, an early draft of a portion of "Song of the Redwood-Tree," a poem first published in the February 1874 issue of Harper's Magazine.


Item: 22
Title:  "[I see who you are]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
Lines, cancelled with a vertical strike, expressing ideas modified considerably before use in the third poem of the 1855 Leaves of Grass, later titled "A Song for Occupations." On the verso is one heavily corrected line whose relationship to the recto material or to any other published poem is uncertain.


Item: 23
Title:  "[Perfect serenity of mind]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
A fragment of several lines, apparently written before publication of the first edition of Leaves of Grass in 1855. One of the lines was included in the 1860 "Poem of Joys," which was later entitled "A Song of Joys."


Item: 24
Title:  "[This is the Earth's word]"
Date: about 1856
Physical Description: 2 leaves, handwritten
View Images:  1 
A note possibly related to the poem "A Song for Rolling Earth," first published in 1856. A portrait of Whitman accompanies this manuscript.


Item: 25
Title:  "[Proem]"
Date: about 1856
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
These notes on sights in Manhattan and the themes of personality, egotism, and the equality of women may have contributed to what ultimately became "Starting from Paumanok," Section 12. The poem first appeared in the 1860 edition as "Proto-Leaf."


Item: 26
Title:  "[O Mother, did you think]"
Date: about 1856
Physical Description: 6 leaves, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2  |  3  |  4  |  5  |  6  |  7  |  8  |  9  |  10 
On four leaves, an early version of portions of the poem ultimately titled "This Compost," first printed under the title "Poem of Wonder at The Ressurection of The Wheat" in the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass. On the reverse sides of these leaves is a list of words regarding the physical body and connected in concept to "I Sing the Body Electric," a poem that first appeared as the fourth poem of the 1855 Leaves of Grass. With this list, Whitman was gathering material for the noteworthy final section, a paean to body parts, that he added to the poem in 1856. Glue residue shows that these leaves were formerly pasted to two other leaves, upon which is written a prose manuscript fragment regarding California Vigilance Committees.


Item: 27
Title:  "[To be at all]"
Date: before 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
On one side are draft lines for what became section 27 of "Song of Myself," which was first published as the opening poem in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. In 1897, after Whitman's death, a poem entitled "To Be at All," based on this manuscript, was published in "Old Age Echoes." On the reverse side are notes, trial lines, and lists of words and phrases related to what eventually became sections 24 and 49 of "Song of Myself" and to the poem "In Paths Untrodden," first published in 1860 as the opening poem of the "Calamus" cluster.


Item: 28
Title:  "[And when once they went far enough to see]"
Date: between 1850 and 1860
Physical Description: 2 leaves, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2  |  3  |  4 
On one side of these manuscript leaves are drafts of lines for the opening poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass, ultimately titled "Song of Myself," sections six and seven. On the reverse are fragments of an unpublished prose piece that appears to represent an early draft of "Unnamed Lands," a poem published first in the 1860 edition of Leaves of Grass. The material on the second leaf shares with that poem not only a close thematic similarity but also several of the same phrases.


Item: 29
Title:  "[And I have discovered them by night and by]"
Date: between 1850 and 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
The draft lines on one side of the manuscript leaf contributed to the opening poem of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass. In the poem's final version, "Song of Myself," these lines are found in section 48. It is not known whether the prose on the leaf's reverse is related to any of Whitman's published work; however, physical and thematic similarities with "[And I have discovered them by night and by]," above, and "[My tongue can never be content with harness]," below, make a connection with the 1860 poem "Unnamed Lands" likely.


Item: 30
Title:  "[My tongue can never be content with harness]"
Date: between 1850 and 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
On one side of the manuscript leaf are draft poetic lines with an unknown relation to Whitman's published work. However, physical and thematic similarities with "[And when once they went far enough to see]" and "[And I have discovered them by night and by]," above, suggest that the lines were possibly drafted for the 1855 poem that eventually became "Song of Myself." These similarities also suggest that the prose on the leaf's reverse is likely related to "Unnamed Lands" , first published in Leaves of Grass, 1860.

File: 2
Title:  Poems Not Appearing in Leaves of Grass
Listed alphabetically by headings.


Item: 1
Title:  "Hands Ro[und]"
Date: between 1865 and 1881
Physical Description: 2 leaves, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
A manuscript poem with a patriotic theme left unpublished in Whitman's lifetime.


Item: 2
Title:  "[I am not content now]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Manuscript of two lines unpublished in Whitman's lifetime.


Item: 3
Title:  "[I am that halfgrown angry boy]"
Date: before 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
Poetry manuscript left unpublished by Whitman, containing ideas potentially connected with the unpublished short story "[Of a summer evening]." On the verso is a fragment of an essay regarding municipal legislation.


Item: 4
Title:  "Poem of Existence"
Date: about 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Manuscript of lines unpublished in Whitman's lifetime.


Item: 5
Title:  "[Remembrances I plant American ground with]"
Date: undated
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
A manuscript containing ideas which appear frequently in Leaves of Grass. On the verso is a list of rivers, lakes, and cities.


Item: 6
Title:  "[Scantlings]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
A manuscript containing ideas about a race of scantlings, a product of "the strong growth of America." Written on a scrap of the paper cover stock used for some late copies of the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass.


Item: 7
Title:  "[Thought]"
Date: about 1856
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
A manuscript left unpublished by Whitman containing draft ideas for a poem. Written on a sheet from the 1856 edition of Leaves of Grass.

File: 3
Title:  Notes for Poems
Unless otherwise noted, the relationship of these notes to Whitman's published work is unknown.


Item: 1
Title:  "The most Jubilant Triumphant Poem"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Manuscript with ideas for a poem meant to express different forms of "great jubilant glee." This fragment has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[Poem of a proud]."


Item: 2
Title:  "[Poem of a proud]"
Date: before 1861
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Manuscript with ideas for a poem of "joyous expression" about Manhattan. This fragment has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "The most Jubilant Triumphant Poem."


Item: 3
Title:  "Poem of the Black Person"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Manuscript with ideas for a poem expressing the "sentiment" of a "sweeping . . . protection of the blacks."


Item: 4
Title:  "Poem [There can be no greatest]"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Notes toward a poem comparing the progress of "the divine man" to the geological development of the earth.


Item: 5
Title:  "Poem of Poets (now) in all lands"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Manuscript with notes for a poem to describe "the poetical sentiments in all lands." This fragment has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "Poem (bequeathing to others a charge) what poems are wanted."


Item: 6
Title:  "Poem (bequeathing to others a charge) what poems are wanted"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Manuscript with idea for a poem to include "a long list" drawn from other (unidentified) manuscript scraps. This fragment has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "Poem of Poets (now) in all lands."


Item: 7
Title:  "[And there a hunter's camp]"
Date: about 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1  |  2 
On one side are two lines, heavily corrected, from a draft of the poem first published in 1860 as "Chants Democratic 4" and eventually titled "Our Old Feuillage." On the other side are two lightly corrected lines with an uncertain connection to Whitman's published poetry. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[(written for the voice)]," "[Poem of "(the Devil]," and "Poem of Sadness."


Item: 8
Title:  "[(written for the voice)]"
Date: about 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Manuscript note apparently recording the poet's early idea for the poem first published as "Chants Democratic 20" in 1860, later as "I Hear America Singing." This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[And there a hunter's camp]," "[Poem of "(the Devil]," and "Poem of Sadness."


Item: 9
Title:  "[Poem of "(the Devil]"
Date: 1865 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
This note for a poem about the devil is possibly related to the poem "Chanting the Square Deific," which was first published in 1865. The scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[And there a hunter's camp]," "[(written for the voice)]," and "Poem of Sadness."


Item: 10
Title:  "Poem of Sadness"
Date: about 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Manuscript note probably recording the idea for the 1860 poem "Leaves of Grass 17," which was ultimately titled "I Sit and Look Out." This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[And there a hunter's camp]," "[(written for the voice)]," and "[Poem of "(the Devil]."


Item: 11
Title:  "[And there, farther south]"
Date: undated
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Fragment describing a "negro at daylight" giving "the Carolina yell," possibly related to the poem first published in 1856 as "Poem of Salutation" and later titled "Salut Au Monde!" This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "The Scout," "Drops of my Blood," and "[In a poem make the thought]."


Item: 12
Title:  ""The Scout""
Date: undated
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Manuscript suggesting "The Scout" as a good title for a poem, magazine, or newspaper. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[And there, farther south]," "Drops of my Blood," and "[In a poem make the thought]."


Item: 13
Title:  "Drops of my Blood"
Date: about 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
On one side is a list of trial titles, probably for the poem first published as "Calamus 15" in 1860 and eventually titled "Trickle Drops." On the reverse is a fragment of about two and a half lines, heavily corrected, whose relationship to Whitman's published poetry is unknown. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[And there, farther south]," "The Scout," and "[In a poem make the thought]."


Item: 14
Title:  "[In a poem make the thought]"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Note for a poem to address the question "What will be the result of this years hence?" Possibly related to the poem "Recorders Ages Hence," first published in 1860 as "Calamus 10." This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[And there, farther south]," "The Scout," and "Drops of my Blood."


Item: 15
Title:  "[Poems identifying the different branches of the sciences]"
Date: about 1859
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
List of ideas for poems about astronomy, geology, chemistry, mathematics, and music.


Item: 16
Title:  "The Body—"
Date: undated
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Manuscript containing ideas for a poem about the body as something more than physical.


Item: 17
Title:  "Poem of Language"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Manuscript containing ideas for a poem about the variety of languages and sounds. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[Whole Poem]."


Item: 18
Title:  "[Whole Poem]"
Date: about 1855
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Manuscript containing ideas for a poem about insects. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "Poem of Language."


Item: 19
Title:  "—[Poem of Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana and Illinois]"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
List of ideas for poems, mostly about various states. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[To the English]."


Item: 20
Title:  "[To the English]"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Ideas for a poem about various nationalities and ethnicities, suggestive of "Salut au Monde!" which was first published as "Poem of Salutation" in 1860. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "—[Poem of Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana and Illinois]."


Item: 21
Title:  "[Poem of Fruits & Flowers]"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Ideas for three different poems about various topics. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[Poem of Wisconsin]."


Item: 22
Title:  "[The carpenter's and]"
Date: between 1850 and 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Manuscript containing ideas for a poem about architecture, carpentry, and masonry. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[Song]."


Item: 23
Title:  "[Song]"
Date: undated
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Manuscript scrap with ideas for a poem or poems about democracy, the future, women, young men, and the joy of life. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[The carpenter's and]."


Item: 24
Title:  "Poem [As in Visions of]"
Date: 1855 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Notes for a poem about night "visions," possibly related to the untitled 1855 poem that Whitman eventually titled "The Sleepers." Fragments of an unidentified newspaper clipping about the Puget Sound area have been pasted to the leaf.


Item: 25
Title:  "[Poem of Wisconsin]"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
List of ideas for poems, mostly about various states, including an allusion to a possible "Western Edition." This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[Poem of Fruits & Flowers]."


Item: 26
Title:  "[Theory of a Cluster of Poems]"
Date: about 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Note suggesting a cluster of poems about "the passion of Woman-Love," along with a few trial lines, all apparently related to the 1860 cluster "Enfans d'Adam" (later retitled "Children of Adam" ).


Item: 27
Title:  "[A poem which more]"
Date: undated
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Manuscript note for a poem addressing Whitman's future readers. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[Poem of the Husband]."


Item: 28
Title:  "[Poem of the Husband]"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
List of ideas for poems about "the husband," "the wife," and "marriage." This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[A poem which more]."


Item: 29
Title:  "Religious Canticles"
Date: about 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
On one side are notes regarding a projected group of religious poems and their significance to other Leaves of Grass poems. On the reverse is a partial draft of the 1860 poem "Calamus 9," which was dropped from subsequent editions of Leaves of Grass. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "Secrets.—Secreta."


Item: 30
Title:  "Secrets.—Secreta"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Ideas for two poems, one listing "all the things done in secret," and the other involving a "vocabularium" of words and phrases. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "Religious Canticles."


Item: 31
Title:  "Companions"
Date: About 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Jotted idea for a series of poems about Whitman's various companions. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "Poem of Young Men."


Item: 32
Title:  "Poem of Young Men"
Date: 1860 or before
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Manuscript with ideas for a poem, possibly "Salut Au Monde!" which was first published in 1860 as "Poem of Salutation." This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "Companions."


Item: 33
Title:  "An After Thought or Two"
Date: undated
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
Manuscript title, apparently for a group of poems, never used in Whitman's published work. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "[Poem, as in a rapt and]," and "[Poem ante-dating]."


Item: 34
Title:  "[Poem, as in a rapt and]"
Date: before 1860
Physical Description: 1 leaf, handwritten
View Images:  1 
A manuscript proposing ideas for a poem in the form of a prophetic vision about the future of America. Possibly related to "As I Walk These Broad Majestic Days," which was first published as "Chants Democratic 21" in 1860. This scrap has been attached by a collector or archivist to a backing sheet, together with "An After Thought or Two," and "[Poem ante-dating]."


Item: 35
Title:  "[Poem ante-dating]"